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Kratom Abuse Potential 2021: An Updated Eight Factor Analysis
Drugs are regulated in the United States (US) by the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) if assessment of their abuse potential, including public health risks, show such control is warranted. An evaluation via the 8 factors of the CSA provides the comprehensive assessment required for permanent listing of new chemical entities and previously uncontrolled substances.
Metabolism of a Kratom Alkaloid Metabolite in Human Plasma Increases Its Opioid Potency and Efficacy
Kratom is widely consumed in the United States for self-treatment of pain and opioid withdrawal symptoms. Mitragynine is the most abundant alkaloid in kratom and is a μ-opioid receptor agonist.
7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects
Synopsis
Mitragynine is the major active alkaloid of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom). In mice, this compound is converted to an active metabolite, 7-hydroxymitragynine, which mediates its analgesic effect via the mu-opioid receptor.